Use columns to wrap text

\begin{columns}
  \begin{column}{0.3\textwidth}


  \end{column}

  \begin{column}{0.7\textwidth}


  \end{column}
\end{columns}

Redefine margins locally (e.g. to extend out normal area)

\usepackage{adjustbox}
\begin{adjustbox}{width=1.2\textwidth,center}
\end{adjustbox}

\begin{figure}
    \advance\leftskip-2cm
	\includegraphics[width=12cm]{result_struct_prot.pdf}          
\end{figure}

Change document margin

\setbeamersize{text margin left=30mm,text margin right=30mm} 

Vertical top alignment

globally by the t class option:

\documentclass[t]{beamer}

for single frames with the same option locally:

\begin{frame}[t]
...
\end{frame}